Andrés Ruiz-Vélez

Aug 20, 2024 | mdpi.com | Andrés Ruiz-Vélez |Jose Garcia |José Garcia |Jose García |José García |Julián Alcalá | +1 more

1. IntroductionOptimization techniques are crucial in modern engineering practices. In structural engineering, design optimization focuses on maximizing the contribution and minimizing the consequences of structures in our environment. Single-objective approaches optimize one relevant feature of the problem, often related to economic cost and environmental or social ramifications.

May 9, 2024 | mdpi.com | Andrés Ruiz-Vélez |Jose Garcia |José Garcia |Jose García |José García |Julián Alcalá | +1 more

All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No specialpermission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. Forarticles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused withoutpermission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer tohttps://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.

Feb 29, 2024 | mdpi.com | Andrés Ruiz-Vélez |Jose Garcia |Jose García |José García |Julián Alcalá |Víctor Yepes

1. IntroductionTransport infrastructure plays a pivotal role in enhancing the quality of life and propelling global economic and social advancement. This importance is evidenced by the allocation of over 20% of the World Bank’s loans to transportation infrastructure in recent years [1]. The construction industry, accounting for 9% of Europe’s GDP, is on track to expand into a USD 14 trillion global industry by 2025 [2].