Anna Rutgersson

May 9, 2024 | rmets.onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Ting Lin |Thomas Stefan Spengler |Anna Rutgersson |Lichuan Wu

1 INTRODUCTION Polar lows (PLs) are intense mesoscale cyclones occurring over the subpolar ice-free oceans with a diameter of 150–600 km and a lifetime ranging from 3 to 36 hours (Condron & Renfrew, 2013; Stoll et al., 2018). When PLs make landfall, they usually pose a threat to marine and coastal socio-economic activities, as they are accompanied by severe weather, such as gale-force winds, heavy snow showers, and intense blizzard events (e.g., Moreno-Ibáñez et al., 2021).