Anne Helmenstine

Myrtle Beach

Science Writer and Blogger at Dotdash Meredith

@dotdashco #Chemistry and #Science writer https://t.co/1rAKCdAprf owner, scientist, mom, writer, gardener, musician, pyro.

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Articles

Algebra Study Sheet

1 week ago | sciencenotes.org | Anne Helmenstine

This algebra study sheet summarizes the most important algebra rules, identities, and common mistakes in one convenient reference. Whether you’re solving equations, graphing functions, or simplifying expressions, this printable algebra cheat sheet is a handy resource for students and educators alike. Download the Printable PDFThis sheet is designed for easy printing and classroom use.
Gas Giants - Definition, Characteristics, Formation, and Exploration

1 week ago | sciencenotes.org | Anne Helmenstine

Gas giants are a type of massive planet that consist predominantly of hydrogen and helium, lacking a well-defined solid surface. In our Solar System, the two gas giants are Jupiter and Saturn, which are distinguished from the smaller and denser ice giants Uranus and Neptune. These enormous planets feature powerful magnetic fields, numerous moons, complex atmospheric systems, and rings.
Ytterbium Facts - Symbol Yb or Atomic Number 70

2 weeks ago | sciencenotes.org | Anne Helmenstine

Ytterbium is a soft, silvery-white metallic element that belongs to the lanthanide series of the periodic table. It has the symbol Yb and the atomic number 70. Like other rare earth elements, ytterbium is not especially rare, despite the name. It has interesting optical, magnetic, and nuclear properties that make it valuable in various advanced technologies, including lasers, atomic clocks, and materials testing.
Erosion Definition, Examples, and Causes

2 weeks ago | sciencenotes.org | Anne Helmenstine

Erosion is the geological process by which soil, rock, and dissolved materials are removed from one location on the Earth’s surface and transported to another. It is the opposite of deposition, where materials settle and accumulate. Erosion shapes landscapes, carves valleys, and wears down mountains over time. Unlike weathering, which breaks down rock in place, erosion involves the movement of particles by natural forces such as wind, water, ice, and gravity.
Microwave Radiation: Definition, Spectrum, Properties, and Uses

2 weeks ago | sciencenotes.org | Anne Helmenstine

Microwave radiation is a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from approximately 1 meter to 1 millimeter, corresponding to frequencies between 300 megahertz (MHz) and 300 gigahertz (GHz). It lies between radio waves and infrared radiation on the electromagnetic spectrum and is widely used in communication, radar, cooking, and scientific applications.
Thyroid - Location, Functions, Problems

3 weeks ago | sciencenotes.org | Anne Helmenstine

The thyroid or thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped endocrine organ located at the front of the neck. As a central component of the endocrine system, it produces hormones that regulate the body’s metabolic rate, cardiovascular function, growth, and development. Through its interaction with the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, the thyroid maintains systemic homeostasis and responds to internal and external stimuli.
The Largest Nuclear Test in Space

3 weeks ago | freerepublic.com | Anne Helmenstine

Free RepublicBrowse · SearchGeneral/ChatTopics · Post ArticleSkip to comments. Starfish Prime: The Largest Nuclear Test in SpaceThoughtCo. ^ | June 2, 2019 | By Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.Posted on by silent majority risingStarfish Prime was a high-altitude nuclear test conducted on July 9, 1962 as part of a group of tests collectively known as Operation Fishbowl.
Planets in Order From the Sun - A Guide to Solar System Structure

3 weeks ago | sciencenotes.org | Anne Helmenstine

The planets in order from the Sun reflect a structured arrangement shaped by the forces of gravity, heat, and time. Starting from the rocky worlds near the Sun to the distant gas and ice giants, the planets follow a consistent pattern shaped during the formation of the solar system. Beyond the traditional eight planets, belts and clouds of icy and rocky bodies populate the outer reaches, providing important clues to the solar system’s history and evolution.
How to Write a Hypothesis

3 weeks ago | sciencenotes.org | Anne Helmenstine

A hypothesis is a testable statement that predicts the relationship between two or more variables. Whether you’re conducting a scientific experiment, a psychology study, or a social science survey, writing a strong hypothesis is a crucial first step in the research process. This guide explains how to write a hypothesis, including what it is (and is not), the different types of hypotheses, how to recognize a good one, and a step-by-step method for creating your own.
Europium Facts - Symbol Eu or Atomic Number 63

4 weeks ago | sciencenotes.org | Anne Helmenstine

Europium is a soft, silvery rare earth metal with atomic number 63 and element symbol Eu. It has the highest reactivity, lowest density, and lowest hardness of the lanthanides. Known for its strong photoluminescence, europium plays a critical role in red and blue phosphors used in electronic displays, energy-efficient lighting, and anti-counterfeiting technologies.