Bohao He

Sep 25, 2023 | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Jialing Li |Shahid Kamal Ahmad |Environment Hainan Haikou |Bohao He

1 INTRODUCTION Forest ecosystems are the most widespread terrestrial ecosystem and biologically the largest vegetation type (Pan et al., 2013), providing human beings with a treasure trove of resources that play a vital role in global energy flow, material recycling, and information transfer (De Frenne et al., 2021; Messier et al., 2019).