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Nov 30, 2024 | 
radiopaedia.org | Ciléin Kearns
The spiral mucosal folds,also known as the valves of Heister, are spirally arranged mucosal folds on the endoluminal surface of the cystic duct. Although incompletely understood, they contain neurohormonally responsive muscle, and their unique shape is thought to support the patency of the cystic duct 1,2. Aside from controlling bile flow, it also serve to prevent reflux of duodenal content into the cystic duct.
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Nov 9, 2024 | 
radiopaedia.org | Bruno Di Muzio |Ciléin Kearns
Esophageal fibrovascular polyps are benign intraluminal submucosal pedunculated tumors that can grow significantly and cause dysphagia. They usually occur in the upper third of the esophagus, at the level of the upper esophageal sphincter. They were previously denominated esophageal lipomas, fibromas, or fibrolipomatous polyps of the esophagus, but all these terms have been replaced accordingly to the World Health Organizatiοn classification system 1-3.
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Jul 23, 2024 | 
radiopaedia.org | Ciléin Kearns
Granulosa cell tumors of the ovary are a type of sex cord / stromal ovarian tumor. It can be divided into two broad subtypes:adult granulosa cell tumor of the ovary: much more common and accounts for ~95% of cases 5juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovarySex cord-stromal tumors represent approximately 8% of all ovarian tumors and are believed to arise from and/or to contain combinations of the sex cord and stromal components of the developing gonad.
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Jul 21, 2024 | 
radiopaedia.org | Henry Knipe |Ciléin Kearns
Familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome (FAPS) is characterized by the presence of hundreds of adenomatous polyps in the colon. It is the most common of the polyposis syndromes. Familial polyposis coli and attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis are variants of the same disease and the term "familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome" is used to describe the entire spectrum. Familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome affects 1 in 10,000 people 1,3. The average age of presentation is 16 years.
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Jul 21, 2024 | 
radiopaedia.org | Yuranga Weerakkody |Ciléin Kearns
Cockayne syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive dysmyelinating disease. Cockayne syndrome is classified among the childhood leukodystrophies, and brain imaging findings are cardinal features suggesting the diagnosis of Cockayne syndrome.
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Jul 21, 2024 | 
radiopaedia.org | Ciléin Kearns
The HACEK organisms, or HACEK group, is an acronym for Haemophilus species, Aggregatibacter species, Cardiobacterium hominis, Eikenella corrodens, and Kingella kingae, a group of gram-negative bacteria associated with endocarditis, which are common oropharyngeal commensal bacteria. Infective endocarditis is usually caused by staphylococcus or streptococcus gram-positive bacteria, with only ~1.4% of cases attributable to HACEK organisms 1.
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Jul 14, 2024 | 
radiopaedia.org | Yuranga Weerakkody |Ciléin Kearns
Inguinal canal lipomas (also known as round ligament lipomas),are a relatively common but often under-recognized finding on imaging. 'Spermatic cord lipoma' is variably used to mean a true lipoma of the spermatic cord (originating from adipose cells and with no communication with the inguinal canal), but in surgical literature, this can refer to a hernia of intraperitoneal fat extension through the inguinal canal 5.
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Jul 4, 2024 | 
radiopaedia.org | Ciléin Kearns
Brain chagoma is a term used to describe brain lesions in immune compromised individuals with Trypanosoma cruzi parasite infection (Chagas disease). These are white matter lesions which may involve the cortex, and have nonspecific appearances which are indistinguishable from other tumoral lesions in immune compromised individuals such as neurotoxoplasmosis and primary CNS lymphoma 1,2.
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Jul 4, 2024 | 
radiopaedia.org | Ciléin Kearns
Citation, DOI, disclosures and article data Citation: Kearns C, Chagoma (cutaneous). Reference article, Radiopaedia.org (Accessed on 04 Jul 2024) https://radiopaedia.org/articles/192086 Chagoma describes a cutaneous erythematous reactive lesion at the insect bite inoculation site of Trypanosoma cruzi parasite (causative agent in Chagas disease) 1-3. The lesion appears in the weeks after infection and can persist for weeks 1,2. See also Promoted articles (advertising)
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Jul 4, 2024 | 
radiopaedia.org | Frank Gaillard |Ciléin Kearns
A bifid or bifurcated rib is a congenital skeletal abnormality where the affected rib has a forked sternal end. They are thought to occur in ~0.2% of the population and there may be a female and right-sided predilection 2. EpidemiologyAssociationsGorlin (nevoid basal cell carcinoma) syndrometruncus arteriosustetralogy of FallotUsually asymptomatic, they may cause musculoskeletal pain or intercostal nerve entrapment. A bifid first rib can be an uncommon cause of thoracic outlet syndrome.
