Eddie A. M

Jan 13, 2025 | irishvetjournal.biomedcentral.com | van Dijk |Van Reenen |Eddie A. M |Munster Technological Kerry

Live transport, by its nature, is a variable event with combined periods of moving and waiting at staging posts, which are often repeated events. A calf’s negative experiences during transport are a summation of psychological and physical strain, the need to constantly adjust to the truck’s unsteady movements, and feed deprivation culminating in an altered physiological status and loss of homeostasis.