Fabrizio Guarracini

Jun 7, 2023 | frontiersin.org | Gen-Min Lin |Fabrizio Guarracini |Bertram Pitt

1. Introduction One of the most prevalent public health issues of the 21st century is chronic heart failure (CHF) (1). Any structural or functional change, such as ventricular filling or blood ejection, is responsible for the onset and progression of heart failure (HF), a complex, clinically integrated disease (2). The prevalence of heart failure (HF) is increasing every year due to an ageing population and ongoing advancements in medical technology (3).