Haoxiang Tang

Sep 21, 2023 | mdpi.com | Zhixin Jing |Yulin Gong |Hua Cai |Haoxiang Tang

1. IntroductionAs advancements in medical imaging technology unfold, an increasing number of medical institutions and physicians are adopting image-based surgical navigation systems as clinical intervention apparatuses. These systems substantially mitigate the necessity for repetitive X-ray evaluations to ascertain lesion localizations, consequently attenuating deleterious radiation-induced effects on healthcare personnel [1].