Heather Johnston

1 month ago | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Anna M. Kearns |Heather Johnston |Jéssica Fenker |James Nicholls

1 Introduction Climate change has historically had diverse impacts on the evolution of the world's biota (Booth et al. 2022; Byrne et al. 2008; Hewitt 2004; Johnson and Cicero 2004; Rix et al. 2014; Weir and Schluter 2004). During the Pleistocene (2.5 million to 11,700 years ago), climates oscillated between glacial maxima (GM) when temperatures were cooler and sea-levels were lower and interglacials (IG) when temperatures were warmer and sea-levels were higher (Hope et al. 2004; Naish et al.