Hugo Algarvio

Dec 10, 2024 | mdpi.com | Hugo Algarvio |Antonio Couto |Ana Estanqueiro

1. IntroductionGlobal warming and the gas energy crisis speed up the European Union’s investment in carbon-free technologies towards a carbon-neutral society [1,2,3]. Investments in increasing capacities of variable renewable energy sources (vRES) with near-zero marginal costs may lead to changes in electricity market (EM) designs that are currently dominated by dispatchable technologies [2,3,4].

Apr 13, 2024 | mdpi.com | Hugo Algarvio |Antonio Couto |Fernando Lopes |Ana Estanqueiro

All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No specialpermission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. Forarticles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused withoutpermission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer tohttps://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.

May 24, 2023 | mdpi.com | Hugo Algarvio

Abstract:In liberalized markets, consumers can choose their electricity suppliers or be part of an energy community. The problem with communities is that they may not have enough weight to trade in markets, which can be overcome by forming coalitions. Electricity is traded in spot markets or through bilateral contracts involving consumers and suppliers. This paper is devoted to bilateral contracting, modeled as a negotiation process involving an iterative exchange of offers and counter-offers.

Mar 2, 2023 | mdpi.com | Hugo Algarvio

Abstract:The increase in the prices of fossil fuels and environmental issues are leading to a high investment in wind power and solar photovoltaic all over Europe, reducing its dependence on imported fossil fuels. The European countries started incentive programs for investment in these renewable technologies, which consisted of fixed and market premium feed-in tariffs. These feed-in schemes involve long-term contracts with updated prices over inflation.