Jack Hardwicke

Nov 30, 2023 | tandfonline.com | Gary Turner |Eric Anderson |Jack Hardwicke |Keith D. Parry

ABSTRACTThis article first summarizes research regarding the relationship between sports that intentionally structure multiple types of brain trauma into their practice, such as rugby and boxing, and the range of negative health outcomes that flow from participation in such sports. The resultant brain injuries are described as ‘now’ and ‘later’ diseases, being those that affect the child immediately and then across their lifetime.