Kai I Parkkola

Oct 9, 2023 | mdpi.com | Mikko Myllylä |Kai I Parkkola |Tommi Ojanen |Olli Heinonen

1. IntroductionPhysical inactivity and obesity are risk factors for many health conditions, e.g., type II diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers [1,2]. Nevertheless, most Western adults do not meet the physical activity recommendations [1], and since 1975, obesity has nearly tripled worldwide [2]. Especially in Western countries, men’s endurance fitness at the beginning of military service has also decreased, and, simultaneously, their mean body mass has increased [3,4].