Karin A. Skalina

Feb 9, 2024 | bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Kunal Sindhu |Zachary Dovey |Anthony D. Nehlsen |Karin A. Skalina

1 INTRODUCTION According to CDC statistics, in the United States, over 300 000 urological cancers have been diagnosed each year since 2013, and 1 in 3 cancers in all men are urological in origin.

Dec 14, 2023 | bjui-journals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Karin A. Skalina |Beata Małachowska |Kunal Sindhu |Anthony D. Nehlsen

1 INTRODUCTION Although radiation therapy (RT) has historically been categorized as a local therapy, the systemic or abscopal effects of RT were reported as early as the 1950s.1 This view of RT as a ‘systemic treatment’ has become increasingly relevant, as we understand more about the effect of RT on tumour cells and the tumour microenvironment (TME) from an immunological aspect.