Mahsa Rezvan

Jun 19, 2023 | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Shahin Nekoei |Faham Khamesipour |Christopher Mayack |Mahsa Rezvan

Mechanism of infection of Varroa destructor V. destructor (formerly known as V. jacobsoni) is an obligate ectoparasite of brood and adult honey bees, which is currently considered to have the most negative impact on apiculture (Kugonza, 2021). Varroa-infested colonies have been reported to die after 2–3 years of infestation, if not systematically treated (Rosenkranz et al., 2010). V. destructor has originally coevolved with A.