Mario Porru

Oct 25, 2024 | mdpi.com | Oscar Castillo |Roberto Fernández |Mario Porru |Alvarez Fernandez

1. IntroductionCurrently, Spain has the fourth largest passenger vehicle fleet in Europe, with over 26 million light-duty vehicles (LDVs) on the road at the end of 2022 [1]. Nevertheless, there exist only around 110,000 electric private cars [2], representing 0.5% of the light-duty vehicle fleet. The growth rate of electric vehicles in Spain is slower than that in other European countries, with a new passenger car registration share of near 4% in 2022.