Markus H. Thoma

Jan 31, 2024 | mdpi.com | Max Klein |Andreas Schmitz |Niklas Dormagen |Markus H. Thoma

1. IntroductionFundamentally, plasmas are ionized gases where electrons can move freely within the gas [1]. The density of positive and negative charge carriers in plasmas is approximately equal. When particles are introduced into a low-temperature and low-pressure discharge plasma, it is termed as a dusty or complex plasma. These plasmas, in addition to electrons, ions, and neutral gas atoms, also include micron-sized particles [1].