Orlando Borras-Hidalgo

Jul 24, 2023 | frontiersin.org | jinhua Academy |Naser Safaie |Mohini Singh |Orlando Borras-Hidalgo

1. IntroductionUstilago esculenta is a type of biotrophic fungus that obligately parasitizes the perennial herb, Zizania latifolia, inducing gall formation at the tip of the plant stem. There are two types of U. esculenta, namely teliospore (T) and mycelium & teliospore (MT). The infection of T-type U. esculenta induces the host plant to form smut gall with abundant teliospores (referred to as “gray jiaobai” in Chinese), while the infection of MT-type U.

Jun 16, 2023 | frontiersin.org | Nanjing Forestry |Andreas Alexander Ulrich |Orlando Borras-Hidalgo

1 IntroductionPlant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are major pests around the world, causing economic losses. Biological control based on plant-associated microbes is an important process for sustainable pest management, which protects plants against nematodes by inducing plant resistance or targeting nematodes directly and has shown huge promise in applications (Brown, 2018; Liu et al., 2020; Poveda et al., 2020; Topalović et al., 2020).