Qitong Wang

Jun 14, 2023 | frontiersin.org | Wei Zhong |Shuwei Zhang |Qitong Wang |Daniela Giacomazza

1 IntroductionThe loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and abnormal protein aggregation of-synuclein are characteristic of Parkinson’s disease (PD), a progressive neurodegenerative disease accompanied by symptoms such as bradykinesia, tremors, and rigidity (Tolosa et al., 2021). As the population is aging, PD imposes a major burden on society affecting more than 1% of the population over the age of 60 years (Breasail et al., 2022). However, the pathogenesis of PD is mostly unknown.