Ran Niu

Jan 7, 2025 | sciencedirect.com | Yi Tang |Bi Shi |Zhipeng Liu |Ran Niu

To address the increasingly growing global energy demand and severe environmental issues, nuclear energy has become one of the most crucial alternative sources to replace traditional fossil fuels [1], [2]. Uranium, as the primary element for nuclear energy, plays a vital role in the nuclear industry [3], [4], [5], [6], [7]. However, the known reserves of uranium on land are limited, only sufficient to meet global nuclear energy consumption for approximately 70 years [8], [9].