Ruihe Ma

Aug 6, 2024 | mdpi.com | Yuli Wang |Zhuo Chen |Bin Ma |Bin Guo Ma |Ruihe Ma

1. Introduction 1.1. Background and MotivationWith the development of information technology, privacy information protection is increasingly important [1]. The blockchain was first introduced accompanied by Satoshi Nakamoto’s publication of the Bitcoin white paper in 2008 [2]. Blockchain has attracted attention from various sectors of society and major scientific institutions due to its characteristics of decentralization, public maintenance, transparency, tamper resistance, and traceability [3,4].