Shih-Hsun Kuo

Oct 9, 2023 | mdpi.com | I-Cheng Lin |Chih-Hui Chang |Yoon Bin Chong |Shih-Hsun Kuo

1. IntroductionGlioblastoma (GBM), an aggressive malignant tumor within the central nervous system, represents around 15% of all brain tumors and constitutes 54% of gliomas [1]. One of the challenges in treating GBM is its aggressive infiltration into normal brain tissue, making surgical removal difficult, especially in eloquent brain areas. The standard treatment for GBM involves surgery followed by concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy [2].