Shijun Yu

Oct 21, 2024 | mdpi.com | Hongyi Li |Shijun Yu |Shejun Deng |Tao Ji

1. IntroductionThe increasing concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) in the atmosphere is the cause of global warming. Carbon dioxide ( C O 2 ) is the main component of GHG [1]. A recent study reported that global C O 2 emissions increased by 0.1% in 2023 compared to the previous year, resulting in 35.8 Gt of C O 2 [2]. The transport sector is considered as the second leading source of C O 2 emissions worldwide [3].