Tarek Bekfani

Oct 27, 2023 | frontiersin.org | Tarek Bekfani |Takashi Yokota |Luise Roehrich |Holly R. Middlekauff

Introduction Heart failure (HF) is a chronic and progressive syndrome affecting worldwide billions of patients. Exercise intolerance and early fatigue are hallmarks of HF patients either with a reduced (HFrEF) or a preserved (HFpEF) ejection fraction. This is associated with a reduced quality of life.