Tian-Fang Li

May 2, 2023 | frontiersin.org | Shuhua Wang |Xiaoxia Zhu |Xiaobing Wang |Tian-Fang Li

IntroductionRheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic systemic inflammatory and autoimmune disease, features articular and extra-articular manifestations. Interstitial long disease (ILD) is a common extra-articular manifestation of RA and was reported to be up to 30% (1). RA-ILD is the second leading cause of mortality, just behind cardiovascular disease (2). RA-ILD has a variety of subtypes in radiography and histopathology.