Wuxuan Lai

Dec 3, 2024 | mdpi.com | Mingsheng Wang |Wuxuan Lai |Peng Sun |Qiang Song

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Nov 25, 2024 | mdpi.com | Mingsheng Wang |Wuxuan Lai |Hong jing Zhang |Yang Liu

All articles published by MDPI are made immediately available worldwide under an open access license. No special permission is required to reuse all or part of the article published by MDPI, including figures and tables. For articles published under an open access Creative Common CC BY license, any part of the article may be reused without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited. For more information, please refer to https://www.mdpi.com/openaccess.

Nov 13, 2023 | mdpi.com | Mingsheng Wang |Qiang Song |Wuxuan Lai

1. IntroductionPermanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are widely used in home appliances, wind turbines, industrial, and electric vehicles because of their high efficiency, high power density, and good torque control performance [1,2]. With the diversification of applications, the reliability of PMSM is gradually gaining attention. Motor failures can lead to unplanned shutdowns and even disastrous results, particularly in high safety-critical systems [3].