Yewen Fan

Dec 19, 2023 | mdpi.com | Ling Zhu |Yuzhen Lu |Yewen Fan

1. IntroductionUrban land surface element monitoring encompasses the real-time and intelligent observation and identification of urban coverage elements, including structures, buildings, roads, and driving elements such as population and economic factors. This is accomplished through the application of technologies such as remote sensing and the Internet of Things [1].