Zhongda Lu

Nov 26, 2024 | mdpi.com | Fengxia Xu |Han Wang |Zhongda Lu |Jun Qiao

1. IntroductionMonitoring household appliance electricity consumption in contemporary society holds significant practical importance. This practice not only helps users optimize their electricity usage and save energy but also supports the government in effectively managing power demand during peak periods, thus maintaining grid stability. The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) states that smart electrification is the best way to address energy issues [1,2].