Zongshi Liu

Sep 4, 2024 | mdpi.com | Ming Chen |Ting Wang |Meiting Tu |Zongshi Liu

1. IntroductionDockless bike-sharing mobility has ushered in explosive growth all over China since 2016, due to its flexibility and convenience such as the Mobike and Ofo platforms []. As a new service model integrating the Internet, vehicle rental, and digital technology, dockless bike-sharing has gained widespread popularity among urban residents.