In Compliance Magazine

In Compliance serves as a top resource for news, insights, education, and motivation for professionals in the electrical and electronics engineering fields.

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FDA Issues Draft Guidance on AI-Based Medical Devices - In Compliance Magazine

2 months ago | incompliancemag.com

The FDA releases landmark draft guidance for AI-enabled medical devices, offering manufacturers a roadmap for development, approval, and lifecycle management while addressing critical concerns of transparency and demographic bias.
Was it the Radar? Respectfully Revisiting the 1967 US Navy USS Forrestal Carrier Disaster: Part 1

2 months ago | incompliancemag.com | Brian Kent

In 1967, while on patrol in the Gulf of Tokin, the United States Navy Carrier USS Forrestal was executing wartime missions over North Vietnam. At 10:45 AM local time, the ship was preparing to launch more than 27 A-4 Skyhawk and F-4B Phantom Fighter jets, all fully fueled and armed with a mixture of iron bombs, precision missiles, and Zuni rocket launchers.
Tailoring MIL-STD-461 RE102

2 months ago | incompliancemag.com | Karen Burnham

MIL-STD-461 RE102 is probably the most commonly failed test in the aerospace/defense world, with 50-90% of units failing their first pass testing. This is a frequent cause of schedule delays, first for troubleshooting, and then for all the meetings needed to process waivers. There are ways that it can be tailored, even very early in the product development process, to minimize the need for waivers after test failures.
Tailoring Guidance

Jan 23, 2025 | incompliancemag.com | Karen Burnham

Some requirements are set in stone. But many of them need to be tailored for your specific hardware. If you apply standards blindly, you’ll run into all kinds of schedule-delaying problems: test methods and setups that don’t make sense, test failures that aren’t important and need to be waived, and missing problems that will pop up later during integration and checkout. Some standards, such as MIL-STD-464 and MIL-STD-461, are explicit that they must be tailored.
EMC Bench Notes: Pre-Compliance Testing for Conducted Emissions - Equipment Needs (AC Mains)

Jan 9, 2025 | incompliancemag.com | Kenneth Wyatt

IntroductionThroughout 2024, we discussed measurements and troubleshooting techniques in dealing with radiated emissions. In the next three articles, we’ll turn our attention towards performing our own conducted emissions pre-compliance testing for line-operated products in-house. I’ll discuss DC-powered products in a future article. Pre-compliance testing aims to duplicate the test setup used by your third-party test lab.
China’s GB 31241-2022 Standard

Dec 31, 2024 | incompliancemag.com | Grace Lin

Lithium-ion cells and batteries produced in or imported into China are now regulated in accordance with China’s Compulsory Certification (CCC) system.
EMC Bench Notes: Design Review: Beaglebone Black Embedded Processor

Dec 5, 2024 | incompliancemag.com | Kenneth Wyatt

In April 2024, I characterized and performed a design review on an embedded processor. This month, I’d like to do the same thing for the Beaglebone Black, a commonly used embedded processor many designers use as the heart of a product. One of my recent clients wished to use this in an industrial product and based upon my experiences with previous versions of the Beaglebone processor board, I decided to take a look at this latest version. My initial probing did not look promising.
Opt for Reverb Chamber Testing

Dec 5, 2024 | incompliancemag.com | Karen Burnham

There are plenty of ways of testing units for radiated immunity (or radiated susceptibility, for the aerospace/defense world). As of MIL-STD-461 Rev E, that document allows RS103 to be tested in a reverb chamber as an alternative to the more traditional absorber-lined semi-anechoic chamber (ALSE) test setup. In the automotive industry, ISO 11452-11 describes a reverb test method for components, and this has flowed down to some OEM-specific requirements, like Ford’s RI114.
EMC Bench Notes: Pre-Compliance Testing for Radiated Emissions, Part 4 - Measurement Software

Nov 7, 2024 | incompliancemag.com | Kenneth Wyatt

IntroductionIn the last three months, we have introduced how to manually make the radiated emissions pre-compliance measurements for consumer, automotive, and military products, including all the system gains and losses. Once we complete the calculation for each dominant harmonic, you can directly compare the harmonic amplitude to the appropriate test limit. Unfortunately, this manual method can be time-consuming if there are many harmonics over the limit.
Standards Practice: Why So Many Immunity/Susceptibility Tests?

Oct 31, 2024 | incompliancemag.com | Karen Burnham

Hello, and welcome to the first installment of this new column, “Standards Practice.” I’m Karen Burnham, currently Vice President of Standards for the IEEE EMC Society. I’m hoping to use this space to do two things: educate people about standards and also use standards to educate people about electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) engineering.