Jamestown Foundation

The Jamestown Foundation is a think tank located in Washington, D.C., that focuses on conservative defense policies. Established in 1984 originally to assist Soviet defectors, its current mission is to educate and inform policymakers about significant events and trends that are strategically important to the United States. The organization publishes materials that primarily cover topics related to China, Russia, Eurasia, and global terrorism.

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Cossacks Continue to be Rising Star in Kremlin Plans

1 week ago | jamestown.org | Richard Arnold

Executive Summary:The Russian government is significantly boosting the visibility and funding of the Cossacks, as seen in budget increases, high-profile national gatherings, and cultural exhibitions linking them to the Soviet victory in World War II. The All-Russian Cossack Society has increased its media activity, reflecting a broader geographic scope and growing militarized initiatives such as youth training, Orthodox blessings, and deployment stories from a range of Russian regions.
Drone Attacks on Port Sudan Jeopardize Plan for Russian Red Sea Naval Base

1 week ago | jamestown.org | Andrew McGregor

Executive Summary:Russia’s plans to create a naval base on the Sudanese coast of the Red Sea have been upset by drone attacks launched on Port Sudan in early May. Sudan’s Rapid Support Forces claimed responsibility for the attack. The destruction of Port Sudan’s infrastructure demonstrates that Sudan’s domestic instability would threaten a Russian base, potentially jeopardizing a broader arms-for-access agreement that included Sudan’s acquisition of Russian warplanes.
Hong Kong’s IPO Market Gets Boost From PRC Firms

4 weeks ago | jamestown.org | Matthew Fulco

Executive Summary: Hong Kong’s IPO market is on track for its strongest year since 2021, raising $2.3 billion in the first quarter of 2025—driven entirely by PRC-based companies. Consumer brands like Mixue and Guming led the listings, benefiting from Beijing’s stimulus measures and public enthusiasm for AI innovations like DeepSeek. Upcoming listings are expected from sectors prioritized by President Xi Jinping, including biotech, AI, EVs, and logistics.
Russia Marks 80 Years Since the End of the Great Patriotic War

1 month ago | jamestown.org | Richard Arnold

Executive Summary:Russia will celebrate Victory Day on May 9, marking 80 years since the end of World War II, a moral and existential victory that the Kremlin wields to legitimize its present-day war against Ukraine. Russian President Vladimir Putin’s “Great Patriotic War” narrative excludes Ukraine, which made huge sacrifices to the Soviet victory in terms of soldiers, the civilian population, and materials, while framing the war against Ukraine as one against neo-Nazis.
Kremlin Propaganda Uses Alexander Ovechkin's Hockey Record to Promote Russian Nationalism

1 month ago | jamestown.org | Richard Arnold

Executive Summary:The Kremlin is using Russian ice hockey player Alexander Ovechkin’s record as the all-time National Hockey League–North America’s professional ice hockey league—scorer to promote nationalism, claiming the achievement for Russia. Russian President Putin has long used sports to symbolize Russian values and project personal strength, hosting international athletic competitions, promoting participation in sports, and playing in exhibition matches himself.
DeepSeek: A Tool Tuned for Social Governance

1 month ago | jamestown.org | Alex Colville

Executive Summary: The government of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) does not just envision its “AI+ initiative” as bolstering the national economy but aiding its plans for modernizing its social stability system. DeepSeek has been designed, thanks to regulations, in a way that makes it a perfect tool to support the “public opinion guidance” system that aligns the public with state policy through propaganda.
Russia Increasing Military Presence in Africa by Reviving Desert Airbase in the Libyan Sahara

1 month ago | jamestown.org | Andrew McGregor

Executive Summary: Russia’s rehabilitation of an abandoned airbase in the Libyan desert offers an opportunity to create a reliable line of supply to Russian forces operating in West Africa. A Russian military presence close to the borders of Egypt, Sudan, and Chad could make Moscow a player in regional politics and security activities. Moscow continues to navigate a complex system of regional rivalries and alliances, which leaves it open to counter-moves by interested parties in the West.
Russia's Cossack Movement Holds Second “Great Circle” in Two Years

1 month ago | jamestown.org | Richard Arnold

Executive Summary:Russia’s state-registered Cossack movement held its “Great Cossack Circle” meeting on February 25, highlighting Moscow’s growing investment in using the Cossacks as a state-managed substitute for authentic civil society. The “Great Cossack Circle” meeting emphasized Cossack military identity and pro-war sentiment, comparing Russia’s war against Ukraine to World War II. Out of 140,000 registered Cossacks, 50,000 have fought in Russia’s war against Ukraine.
What Motivated Islamic State’s Mosque Attack in Muscat?

2 months ago | jamestown.org | Andrew McGregor

Executive Summary:Islamic State (IS) militants conducted a well-planned strike in Oman on a Shi’ite mosque on July 15, 2024. While early reports focused on the attack’s potential goal of inciting sectarian violence, it is more likely to have been meant as a warning to Muscat to cease diplomatic activities involving regional governments, Shi’ite groups, and/or the West. Oman’s peace with regard to jihadism is deep-rooted in local Ibadi Muslim traditions.
Pakistan Bans Iran-Backed Zainebiyoun Brigade Amid Regional Turmoil

2 months ago | jamestown.org | Osama Ahmad

Executive Summary:Pakistan banned the Iran-backed Zainebiyoun Brigade on April 11, 2024, designating them as a terrorist group. The move is believed to be an effort to crack down on Iranian recruitment of disaffected Pakistani Shia, who are being used to fight in Iran’s proxy wars across the Middle East. Individuals believed to be affiliated with the Zainebiyoun Brigade have also attempted to carry out attacks on major Pakistani figures in the past, though this has been on a fairly small scale.