Casey Irwin Helvey

Jan 6, 2025 | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Liam McCabe |Brian Greer |Adam Briggs |Casey Irwin Helvey

1 Introduction In their seminal study describing functional analysis methodology, Iwata et al. (1982/1994) arranged four experimental conditions in a multielement design with nine participants who engaged in varying topographies of self-injury (e.g., head banging, self-biting). Three of the four conditions were test conditions (i.e., social disapproval, academic demand, and alone), and each test condition was designed to isolate a specific source of suspected reinforcement for self-injury.