Elena Pistocchini

1 week ago | tandfonline.com | Elena Pistocchini |Mario Cazzola |Paola Rogliani |Luigino Calzetta

ABSTRACTIntroduction The journey from initial drug discovery to approval for respiratory diseases typically spans approximately 10.4 years and cost over $2.8 billion. This intricate process involves five stages: target identification, therapeutic molecule discovery, preclinical testing, clinical trials, and regulatory approval.

Jan 24, 2025 | resmedjournal.com | Elena Pistocchini |Mario Cazzola |Paola Rogliani

KeywordsAgeingCOPDefficacylong-acting muscarinic antagonistmeta-analysismeta-regressionsafetyIntroductionThe global elderly population is increasing rapidly, with projections indicating that individuals aged 65 and over will constitute 20% of the total population by 2030 [1]. In healthy individuals, lung development and function peak at around 25 years of age, stabilize until about 35, and then decline with aging.