Guoqing Jing

May 10, 2023 | mdpi.com | Jingru Wang |Xiubo Liu |Longhui Xiong |Guoqing Jing

1. IntroductionRailway track, used to support vehicle operation, is a crucial component of the whole railway system (including, e.g., vehicle, catenary, subgrade, bridge, etc.). The track component, rail, plays an indispensable role in safe train operation and ride comfort [1]. Therefore, it is vital to have timely rail inspection through various devices based on non-destructive testing (NDT) methods [2].