Hidemi Ito

Apr 4, 2023 | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Yuriko N. Koyanagi |Keitaro Matsuo |Hidemi Ito |Chaochen Wang

1 INTRODUCTION Esophageal and gastric cancers remain common worldwide, affecting more than 604,000 and 1,089,000 people in 2020, respectively.1 Incidence rates are highest in Asian countries, among which Japan showed the third- and second-largest number of new cases (~26,000 and ~138,000 cases), respectively.1 The etiologies of these cancers are heterogeneous, depending on subtype or subsite.