James M Hawley

1 month ago | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Yasir S. Elhassan |James M Hawley |Leanne Cussen |Ali Abbara

1 Introduction and Methodology Androgen excess is defined as clinical or biochemical evidence of increased production of androgenic steroids in women. It is observed in up to 10% of women of reproductive age and less commonly in postmenopausal women [1]. Androgen excess typically manifests clinically as hirsutism or acne, but more severe and prolonged exposure can lead to overt virilisation, including clitoromegaly, deepening of the voice, female pattern hair-loss (FPHL) or erythrocytosis [2].