Kaiqiang Weng

Nov 3, 2024 | mdpi.com | Chenxu Gu |Chao Wang |Chunhui Wang |Kaiqiang Weng

1. IntroductionPropellers, as essential propulsion devices for ships, play a crucial role in determining a vessel’s speed, economic efficiency, and maneuverability through their hydrodynamic performance. When navigating in ice-covered waters, propellers face severe ice loading conditions. Optimizing the design of ice-class propellers to balance performance and strength is vital for ensuring the safety and efficiency of ships operating in such environments.