Ke Ma

Dec 5, 2024 | nature.com | Yao Ma |Rong Zhang |Yanhua Chen |Mengyao Xu |Su Rina |Ke Ma | +1 more

Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models like GPT-4o, holds promise for enhancing diagnostic accuracy in healthcare. This study evaluates the diagnostic performance of GPT-4o compared to human ophthalmologists in glaucoma cases. A prospective, observational study was conducted at a tertiary care ophthalmology center. Twenty-six glaucoma cases, including both primary and secondary types, were selected from publicly available databases and institutional records. The cases were analyzed by GPT-4o and three ophthalmologists with varying levels of experience. The accuracy and completeness of primary and differential diagnoses were assessed using 10-point and 6-point Likert scales, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed using nonparametric methods, including the Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U tests. GPT-4o was significantly less accurate in primary diagnosis compared to human ophthalmologists. Specifically, GPT-4o achieved a mean score of 5.500 (p < 0.001) compared to Doctor C, who had the highest score of 8.038 (p < 0.001). Completeness scores for GPT-4o 3.077 (p < 0.001) were also lower than Doctor B, who had the lowest score of 3.615 (p < 0.001) among human ophthalmologists. However, for differential diagnosis, GPT-4o (7.577) showed comparable accuracy to Doctor A (7.615) and Doctor C (7.673) (p < 0.0001) while achieving the highest completeness score (4.096), outperforming Doctor C (3.846), Doctor A (2.923), and Doctor B (2.808) (p < 0.0001). AI, including GPT-4o, is currently not an acceptable standalone method for diagnosing glaucoma due to its lower accuracy compared to human clinicians. These findings suggest that GPT-4o could serve as a valuable adjunct in clinical practice, particularly in complex cases, but should not replace human expertise, especially for initial diagnoses. Future improvements in AI models could enhance their utility in ophthalmology.

Nov 6, 2024 | nature.com | Ke Ma

AbstractThis is a prospective case-control study investigated the factors influencing ultra-early visual acuity and quality after Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) surgery, with a specific focus on the morphology and distribution of “black clefts” observed in posterior lenticule laser scanning images.

Jun 20, 2024 | fis.uke.de | Xu Yan |P.R. China |Ke Ma |Li Zhu

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the diagnostic performance of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for low to intermediate-risk prostate cancer (PCa), as well as its correlation with the prognostic Gleason score (GS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of MRI images and relevant clinical data from patients with prostate disease. The differences in ADC between different GS groups were compared, and the efficacy of ADC in PCa diagnosis were analyzed.

May 6, 2024 | ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Peng Yun Chen |Yanyan Zhang |Yike Wang |Ke Ma

WHAT IS THE CURRENT KNOWLEDGE ON THE TOPIC? Adebrelimab, a novel anti-PD-L1 antibody, has been approved by the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) of China as an intravenous infusion for use in combination with carboplatin and etoposide as first-line treatment for extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Adebrelimab is administered currently at a body weight-based dose of 20 mg/kg q3w. WHAT QUESTION DID THIS STUDY ADDRESS?

Mar 22, 2024 | nature.com | Ke Ma

AbstractThis study aims to assess the long term effectiveness, safety, predictability and stability of V4c implantable collamer lenses (ICL) for correction of moderate to extreme high myopia. We reviewed 125 eyes from 64 patients who implanted V4c ICL at the Refractive Surgery Center of West China Hospital in Chengdu, China, between May 2015 and January 2017. The median spherical equivalent was −11.50 D (interquartile range [IQR]: −13.00 to −9.00 D).