M. Lakshmikandan

Oct 6, 2023 | sciencedirect.com | X. Wang |S. Gupta |M. Lakshmikandan |R.S. Pohndorf

The global energy landscape has transformed from dependency on fossil-based sources to embracing sustainable alternatives. In 2020, a significant percentage of the world's energy was still drawn from non-renewable sources, exacerbating the challenges of climate change and emphasizing the pressing need for cleaner solutions [1]. The alarming rate of carbon emissions, primarily in the form of carbon dioxide (CO2) and CH4, has significantly contributed to the greenhouse effect [2].