Miao Gao

Jun 30, 2023 | mdpi.com | Yunong Zhang |Anmin Zhang |Miao Gao |Yi Liang

Abstract:Spatial relation models are the basis for realising three-dimensional spatial analysis. More researchers are now focusing on models that combine topological relations with distance or directional relations; however, a model that unifies all three relations has not yet been developed. In particular, it is more effective to use different spatial relations between features with different spatial characteristics in three-dimensional electronic navigation charts (3D ENC).

Jun 22, 2023 | mdpi.com | Guodong Huang |Xiaojun Zheng |Miao Gao |Qi Chen

Open AccessArticle by 1,2,3,4,5,*, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3 and 3 1 School of Civil Engineering and Construction, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China 2 China Construction Second Engineering Bureau Co., Ltd., Beijing 100160, China 3 Institute of Energy, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei 230031, China 4 Engineering Research Center for Geological Environment and Underground Space of Jiangxi Province, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013,...