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Sep 24, 2024 | 
pnas.org | Peter Grünwald |Wanqian Li |Siyuan He |Jun Tan
POPULATION BIOLOGYA privately owned, captive tiger. Image credit: David Smith (In-Sync Exotics Wildlife Rescue and Educational Center, Wylie, TX). Genetic diversity among privately owned tigersLittle is known about the genetic diversity within captive animal populations. Although they outnumber wild tigers, the genetic diversity of privately owned tigers living in captivity is poorly understood. Ellie Armstrong et al.
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Sep 19, 2024 | 
pnas.org | Peter Grünwald |Wanqian Li |Siyuan He |Jun Tan
AbstractThe 2024 Lasker~DeBakey Clinical Medical Research Award has been given to Joel Habener and Svetlana Mojsov for their discovery of a new hormone GLP-1(7-37) and to Lotte Knudsen for her role in developing sustained acting versions of this hormone as a treatment for obesity. Each of the three had a distinct set of skills that made this advance possible; Habener is an endocrinologist and molecular biologist, Mojsov is a peptide chemist, and Knudsen is a pharmaceutical scientist.
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Sep 19, 2024 | 
pnas.org | Joseph Goldstein |Peter Grünwald |Wanqian Li |Siyuan He
When epidemiologists Quarraisha Abdool Karim and Salim Abdool Karim began working together in the late 1980s, they wanted to address social injustices in a rigorous manner. Together, they have tracked the HIV epidemic in South Africa, identified the disproportionate burden of infection in vulnerable young women in Africa, developed and tested new HIV prevention technologies for women, and assisted international leaders in addressing the global HIV epidemic.
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Sep 19, 2024 | 
pnas.org | Jeffrey Friedman |Peter Grünwald |Wanqian Li |Siyuan He
When the long-awaited results of a clinical trial of the wildly popular weight loss drug semaglutide were published in late 2023, the moment marked a milestone in cardiovascular medicine. A once-weekly injection of semaglutide slashed the incidence of death from cardiovascular causes and nonfatal heart attacks or strokes in nondiabetic patients with a history of heart disease as well as obesity or overweight (1).
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Sep 19, 2024 | 
pnas.org | Peter Grünwald |Wanqian Li |Siyuan He |Jun Tan
AbstractThe Dutch painter Piet Mondrian, famous for his geometric grid paintings, was an ardent jazz fan. In the late stage of his career, he became intrigued with boogie-woogie music, which inspired him to paint his masterpiece Broadway Boogie Woogie.
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Sep 19, 2024 | 
pnas.org | Matthew Hardcastle |Peter Grünwald |Wanqian Li |Siyuan He
Abstract The 2024 Albert Lasker Basic Medical Research Award was attributed to Zhijian (James) Chen for “the discovery of the cGAS enzyme that senses foreign and self DNA, solving the mystery of how DNA stimulates immune and inflammatory responses.” Bringing to bear an ingenious in vitro complementation system, an astute insight, and superlative biochemistry, Chen and colleagues identified cGAS (cGAMP synthase) as both the molecule that perceives cytosolic DNA in infected, stressed, or dying...
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Sep 18, 2024 | 
pnas.org | Peter Grünwald |Wanqian Li |Siyuan He |Jun Tan
Land cover changes have increased the frequency and scale of wildfires, with great human, economic, and ecological cost (1), particularly as more fires cross from wildland into urban areas (2). In August of 2023, one such devastating wildfire in Lāhainā, Hawaiʻi, killed at least 100 people, displaced thousands of others, and caused billions of US dollars in damage (3).
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Sep 16, 2024 | 
pnas.org | Peter Grünwald |Wanqian Li |Siyuan He |Jun Tan
S. Raza, E. Dolatabadi, N. Ondrusek, L. Rosella, B. Schwartz, Discovering social determinants of health from case reports using natural language processing: Algorithmic development and validation. BMC Dig. Health 1, 35 (2023), https://doi.org/10.1186/s44247-023-00035-y. W. Wu, K. J. Holkeboer, T.O. Kolawole, L. Carbone, E. Mahmoudi, Natural language processing to identify social determinants of health in Alzheimer’s disease and related dementia from electronic health records. Health Services Res.
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Sep 16, 2024 | 
pnas.org | George J. Borjas |Robert VerBruggen |Theodore J. Joyce |Peter Grünwald
SignificanceAn influential study suggests that Black newborns experience much lower mortality when attended by Black physicians after birth. Using the same data, we replicate those findings and estimate alternative models that include controls for very low birth weights, a key determinant of neonatal mortality not included in the original analysis.
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Sep 16, 2024 | 
pnas.org | Peter Grünwald |Wanqian Li |Siyuan He |Jun Tan
Language sentiment predicts changes in depressive symptomsEdited by Timothy Wilson, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA; received December 8, 2023; accepted July 26, 2024SignificanceCan the way we describe our life experiences predict whether we will feel more depressed in the future?
