Qiao Cheng

Nov 19, 2024 | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Anqi Wang |Qiao Cheng |Wenjia Li |Mingxi Kan

Introduction Starch provides ~50% energy source for human (Miao and Hamaker, 2021). Starch granules with semi-crystalline structure are the primary form of starch, which are composed of two basic glucose polymers: amylose and amylopectin. Amylose is synthesized by granule bound starch synthase (GBSS), whereas amylopectin is synthesized by three classes of enzymes: starch synthases (SS), starch branching enzymes (SBE) and debranching enzymes (DBE) (Huang et al., 2021).