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Aug 2, 2024 | 
science.org | Kai Wang |Wenjia Li |Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju |Nicole X. Nie
AbstractThe Moon has a tenuous atmosphere produced by space weathering. The short-lived nature of the atoms surrounding the Moon necessitates continuous replenishment from lunar regolith through mechanisms such as micrometeorite impacts, ion sputtering, and photon-stimulated desorption. Despite advances, previous remote sensing and space mission data have not conclusively disentangled the contributions of these processes.
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Jul 31, 2024 | 
science.org | Kai Wang |Wenjia Li |Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju |Fengshuo Liu
AbstractIn noncentrosymmetric superconductors, superconducting and normal conductions can interchange on the basis of the current flow direction. This effect is termed a superconducting diode effect (SDE), which is a focal point of recent research. The broken inversion and time-reversal symmetry is believed to be the requirements of SDE, but their intrinsic role has remained elusive. Here, we report strain-controlled SDEs in a layered trigonal superconductor, PbTaSe2.
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Jul 31, 2024 | 
science.org | Kai Wang |Wenjia Li |Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju |Ligang Fan
AbstractChromatin marks are associated with transcriptional regulatory activities. However, very few lncRNAs have been characterized with the role in regulating epigenetic marks, largely due to the technical difficulty in identifying chromatin-associating RNA. Current methods are largely limited by the availability of ChIP-grade antibody and the crosslinking, which generates high noise.
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Jul 31, 2024 | 
science.org | Kai Wang |Wenjia Li |Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju |Marek Foltyn
AbstractWe demonstrate complete control over dynamics of a single superconducting vortex in a nanostructure, which we coin the Single Vortex Box. Our device allows us to trap the vortex in a field-cooled aluminum nanosquare and expel it on demand with a nanosecond pulse of electrical current. Using the time-resolving nanothermometry we measure 4·10-19 joules as the amount of the dissipated heat in the elementary process of the single-vortex expulsion.
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Jul 31, 2024 | 
science.org | Kai Wang |Wenjia Li |Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju |Lina Zhang
AbstractUnprecedented precipitation deficits in the 2022–2023 growing season across the primary wheat-producing region in the United States caused delays in winter wheat emergence and poor crop growth. Using an integrated approach, we quantitatively unraveled a 37% reduction in wheat production as being attributable to both per–harvested acre yield loss and severe crop abandonment, reminiscent of the Dust Bowl years in the 1930s.
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Jul 31, 2024 | 
science.org | Kai Wang |Wenjia Li |Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju |Yanan Sun
AbstractSickle cell disease is a growing health burden afflicting millions around the world. Clinical observation and laboratory studies have shown that the severity of sickle cell disease is ameliorated in individuals who have elevated levels of fetal hemoglobin. Additional pharmacologic agents to induce sufficient fetal hemoglobin to diminish clinical severity is an unmet medical need.
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Jul 31, 2024 | 
science.org | Kai Wang |Wenjia Li |Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju |Tadija Kekić
AbstractNucleic acid photolithography is the only microarray fabrication process that has demonstrated chemical versatility accommodating any type of nucleic acid. The current approach to RNA microarray synthesis requires long coupling and photolysis times and suffers from unavoidable degradation postsynthesis. In this study, we developed a series of RNA phosphoramidites with improved chemical and photochemical protection of the 2′- and 5′-OH functions.
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Jul 31, 2024 | 
science.org | Kai Wang |Wenjia Li |Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju |Yuecheng Wang
AbstractDewatering of aqueous azeotropes is crucial and pervasive in raw chemical refineries and solvent recovery in the chemical industry but is recognized as one of the most energy-intensive processes. Pervaporation using crystalline molecular sieve membranes provides an energy-efficient solution, but stress loads stemming from thermal and mechanical risks of pervaporation are most likely to cause membrane cracks, which greatly reduces reliability of membranes in real-world applications.
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Jul 31, 2024 | 
science.org | Kai Wang |Wenjia Li |Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju |Vinod K. Sangwan
AbstractThe growth of layered 2D compounds is a key ingredient in finding new phenomena in quantum materials, optoelectronics, and energy conversion. Here, we report SnP2Se6, a van der Waals chiral (R3 space group) semiconductor with an indirect bandgap of 1.36 to 1.41 electron volts. Exfoliated SnP2Se6 flakes are integrated into high-performance field-effect transistors with electron mobilities >100 cm2/Vs and on/off ratios >106 at room temperature.
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Jul 31, 2024 | 
science.org | Kai Wang |Wenjia Li |Rajkumar Vasudeva Raju |Qinnan Zhang
AbstractPrevious observational studies found associations between Helicobacter pylori infection and autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs), but the causal nature of this association is still uncertain. We investigated the causal effect of six crucial antibodies against H. pylori on AITDs using a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR). We found that anti–H. pylori outer membrane protein (OMP) significantly increased the risk of hyperthyroidism and Graves’ disease (GD).
