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Feb 22, 2023 | 
science.org | Jun Liu |Steven R. Beissinger |Salim Islam
AbstractPresynaptic long-term potentiation (LTP) is thought to play an important role in learning and memory. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive because of the difficulty of direct recording during LTP. Hippocampal mossy fiber synapses exhibit pronounced LTP of transmitter release after tetanic stimulation and have been used as a model of presynaptic LTP. Here, we induced LTP by optogenetic tools and applied direct presynaptic patch-clamp recordings.
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Feb 22, 2023 | 
science.org | Jun Liu |Steven R. Beissinger |Salim Islam
TBY-robots exhibit inflammation chemotaxis by macrophage relayWe next wanted to determine whether orally administered TBY-robots can home to long-distance inflamed sites in a disease model of ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease that affects the colon and rectum and is associated with high morbidity and decreased quality of life (51). Ulcerative colitis was induced in mice by administering 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) in their drinking water (52).
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Feb 22, 2023 | 
science.org | Jun Liu |Steven R. Beissinger |Salim Islam |Sarah MacLean
LATEST NEWS AbstractClimate and land-use change could exhibit concordant effects that favor or disfavor the same species, which would amplify their impacts, or species may respond to each threat in a divergent manner, causing opposing effects that moderate their impacts in isolation.
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Feb 22, 2023 | 
science.org | Jun Liu |Steven R. Beissinger |Salim Islam
LATEST NEWS AbstractThe mammalian hearing organ, the organ of Corti, is one of the most organized tissues in mammals. It contains a precisely positioned array of alternating sensory hair cells (HCs) and nonsensory supporting cells. How such precise alternating patterns emerge during embryonic development is not well understood.
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Feb 22, 2023 | 
science.org | Jun Liu |Steven R. Beissinger |Salim Islam |James Lin
Rotor-like structure of the headSimilar to the base, the head of rod-shaped WSSV capsids was manually picked up for accurate centering and was tentatively reconstructed with the enforced 14-fold symmetry. Unexpectedly, only regions belonging to the body were resolved to a reasonable resolution of 9.2 Å (Fig. 3A; figs. S1 and S7, A and B; and table S1). As with the joint region between the base and the body, 14 Diamond/2 form a ring, which covers the arch-like structures of the body.
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Feb 22, 2023 | 
science.org | Jun Liu |Steven R. Beissinger |Salim Islam
LATEST NEWS AbstractAsprosin, a recently identified adipokine, activates agouti-related peptide (AgRP) neurons in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) via binding to protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor δ (Ptprd) to increase food intake. However, the intracellular mechanisms responsible for asprosin/Ptprd-mediated activation of AgRPARH neurons remain unknown.
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Feb 22, 2023 | 
science.org | Jun Liu |Steven R. Beissinger |Salim Islam |Yingjie Wu
LATEST NEWS AbstractCells orchestrate the motion and force of hundreds of protein motors to perform various mechanical tasks over multiple length scales. However, engineering active biomimetic materials from protein motors that consume energy to propel continuous motion of micrometer-sized assembling systems remains challenging.
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Feb 22, 2023 | 
science.org | Jun Liu |Steven R. Beissinger |Salim Islam
Correction for taphonomic biasIt has long been observed in palaeosciences—archaeology, paleontology, and geology—that the longer something is in existence, the more chances it has to be removed from the record by erosion, weathering, and/or bioturbation in a process collectively known as taphonomic loss, thereby causing overrepresentation of recent events relative to older ones (57). Such a taphonomic bias is generally referred to as the Sadler effect (58).
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Feb 22, 2023 | 
science.org | Jun Liu |Steven R. Beissinger |Salim Islam |Kai Chen
Two giant proteins serve as spasmin-binding backbones—The key components of the mesh-like contractile fibrillar systemIn yeast cells, centrins bind to a backbone protein Sfi1. This protein contains 21 motifs with the consensus sequence AX7LLX3F/LX2WK/R and is known as the centrin-binding site (19, 27). It is noteworthy that tryptophan (W) is especially well conserved in these motifs. Using this motif or its relaxed version, a Sfi1-like protein was identified in P. tetraurelia (28).
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Feb 22, 2023 | 
science.org | Jun Liu |Steven R. Beissinger |Salim Islam |Alessandro Colombo
Uniqueness and consistencyTo pragmatically test up to which level our results can be considered unique, it is possible to perform a statistical analysis on a set of independent reconstructions of the same diffraction data. In Fig. 5, the results for the same three shapes shown in Fig. 4 are presented. For each structure, 20 independent imaging procedures were carried out, starting from randomly initialized facet coordinates. From the resulting 3D structures, the average density ρavg was computed.
