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Nov 21, 2024 | 
tandfonline.com | Kai Liu |Yue Liu |Xinyang wang |Liqi Dong
AbstractIn thermal storage process, the aggregation, segregation, and floating of styrene–butadiene-styrene block copolymer (SBS) modifier will affect the performances of SBS-modified asphalt (SBSMA). To investigate the significant impact of macro and micro characteristics of base asphalt (BA) on the storage stability of SBSMA, we prepared SBSMA samples with three different base asphalts (BA-A, BA-B, and BA-C).
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Jun 26, 2024 | 
science.org | Ellen White |Emil Gustavsson |Xinyang wang |Yun Shi
AbstractThoeris defense systems protect bacteria from infection by phages via abortive infection. In these systems, ThsB proteins serve as sensors of infection and generate signaling nucleotides that activate ThsA effectors. Silent information regulator and SMF/DprA-LOG (SIR2-SLOG) containing ThsA effectors are activated by cyclic ADP-ribose (ADPR) isomers 2′cADPR and 3′cADPR, triggering abortive infection via nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) depletion.
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Jun 26, 2024 | 
science.org | Ellen White |Emil Gustavsson |Xinyang wang |Yexian Yuan
AbstractThere is a regional preference around lymph nodes (LNs) for adipose beiging. Here, we show that local LN removal within inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) greatly impairs cold-induced beiging, and this impairment can be restored by injecting M2 macrophages or macrophage-derived C-C motif chemokine (CCL22) into iWAT. CCL22 injection into iWAT effectively promotes iWAT beiging, while blocking CCL22 with antibodies can prevent it.
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Jun 26, 2024 | 
science.org | Ellen White |Emil Gustavsson |Xinyang wang |Lara Berasain
AbstractA long-standing goal of evolutionary biology is to decode how changes in gene regulatory networks contribute to human-specific traits. Human accelerated regions (HARs) are prime candidates for driving gene regulatory modifications in human development. The RBFOX1 locus is densely populated with HARs, providing a set of potential regulatory elements that could have changed its expression in the human lineage.
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Jun 26, 2024 | 
science.org | Ellen White |Emil Gustavsson |Xinyang wang |Angelo Romano
AbstractLike other group-living species, humans often cooperate more with an in-group member than with out-group members and strangers. Greater in-group favoritism should imply that people also compete less with in-group members than with out-group members and strangers. However, in situations where people could invest to take other’s resources and invest to protect against exploitation, we observed the opposite.
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Jun 26, 2024 | 
science.org | Ellen White |Emil Gustavsson |Xinyang wang |Shuai Yuan
AbstractThe global meridional overturning circulation (GMOC) is important for redistributing heat and, thus, determining global climate, but what determines its strength over Earth’s history remains unclear. On the basis of two sets of climate simulations for the Paleozoic characterized by a stable GMOC direction, our research reveals that GMOC strength primarily depends on continental configuration while climate variations have a minor impact.
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Jun 26, 2024 | 
science.org | Ellen White |Emil Gustavsson |Xinyang wang |Mercedes Conde-Valverde
AbstractCaregiving for disabled individuals among Neanderthals has been known for a long time, and there is a debate about the implications of this behavior. Some authors believe that caregiving took place between individuals able to reciprocate the favor, while others argue that caregiving was produced by a feeling of compassion related to other highly adaptive prosocial behaviors.
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Jun 26, 2024 | 
science.org | Ellen White |Emil Gustavsson |Xinyang wang |Chan Kim
AbstractAlthough advanced robots can adeptly mimic human movement and aesthetics, they are still unable to adapt or evolve in response to external experiences. To address this limitation, we propose an innovative approach that uses parallel-processable retention-engineered synaptic devices in the control system. This approach aims to simulate a human-like learning system without necessitating complex computational systems.
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Jun 26, 2024 | 
science.org | Ellen White |Emil Gustavsson |Xinyang wang |Yanbin Li
AbstractMechanical computing encodes information in deformed states of mechanical systems, such as multistable structures. However, achieving stable mechanical memory in most multistable systems remains challenging and often limited to binary information. Here, we report leveraging coupling kinematic bifurcation in rigid cube–based mechanisms with elasticity to create transformable, multistable mechanical computing metastructures with stable, high-density mechanical memory.
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Jun 26, 2024 | 
science.org | Ellen White |Emil Gustavsson |Xinyang wang |Luis Fernando Delgadillo-Silva
AbstractCoordination of cellular activity through Ca2+ enables β cells to secrete precise quantities of insulin. To explore how the Ca2+ response is orchestrated in space and time, we implement optogenetic systems to probe the role of individual β cells in the glucose response. By targeted β cell activation/inactivation in zebrafish, we reveal a hierarchy of cells, each with a different level of influence over islet-wide Ca2+ dynamics.
