Alexandra-Chloé Villani

3 weeks ago | nature.com | Molly Thomas |Mari Mino-Kenudson |Kaia Miller |Alexandra-Chloé Villani

AbstractMicroscopic colitis (MC) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine and a common cause of chronic diarrhea in older adults. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing analysis of colonic mucosal tissue to build a cellular and molecular model for MC. Our results show that in MC, there is a substantial expansion of tissue CD8+ T cells, likely arising from local expansion following T cell receptor engagement.

Oct 10, 2023 | biorxiv.org | Felix R. Fischer |David Fischer |Evan Biederstedt |Alexandra-Chloé Villani

AbstractIdentifying cellular identities (both novel and well-studied) is one of the key use cases in single-cell transcriptomics. While supervised machine learning has been leveraged to automate cell annotation predictions for some time, there has been relatively little progress both in scaling neural networks to large data sets and in constructing models that generalize well across diverse tissues and biological contexts up to whole organisms.

Aug 26, 2023 | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Alexandra-Chloé Villani

1 INTRODUCTION Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including antibodies targeting anti-cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA-4), anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), anti-programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) have revolutionized cancer treatment.1, 2 Both PD-1 and CTLA-4 are upregulated upon T-cell activation and function to inhibit peripheral T-cell responses. These receptors maintain immune homeostasis, limiting tissue damage during infection and helping to prevent autoimmune disease.