Amilcar Arantes

May 22, 2024 | mdpi.com | Sandra P. Melo |Rui P. Gomes |Reza Abbasi |Amilcar Arantes

1. IntroductionUrban regions are experiencing significant population growth, increasing a vital challenge for cities regarding how to efficiently move people while maintaining the quality of life of its residents and other users. With city users’ dynamic and evolving travel patterns, it becomes harder for traditional, fixed-route public transportation systems to keep pace with the diversity of demand requirements.

Aug 11, 2023 | mdpi.com | Parisa Ahani |Amilcar Arantes |Sandra P. Melo |Rohollah Garmanjani

1. IntroductionThe continuous growth of the urban population is a global phenomenon, with the European Union projecting an increase in the proportion of urban residents from 55% in 2018 to 68% by 2050 []. This rapid urbanization, coupled with the rise of globalization, economic development, e-commerce, and omnichannel retailing, has led to a significant surge in urban freight transportation (UFT) [,].