Andy Gardner

Jan 14, 2025 | onlinelibrary.wiley.com | Bing Dong |Andy Gardner

1 Introduction Metamorphosis, the discrete morphological change between postembryonic life stages, is widespread across the animal kingdom (Werner 1988; Truman 2019). Adaptive explanations (Table 1) treat metamorphosis as a means of niche shift (e.g., diet and habitat) or fitness-role shift (e.g., feeding, dispersal and reproduction) that decouples early and late life stages (Istock 1967; Ebenman 1992; Moran 1994; ten Brink, de Roos, and Dieckmann 2019).

Oct 25, 2024 | biorxiv.org | Thomas Hitchcock |Robert Baird |Andy Gardner |Laura Ross

AbstractSex chromosomes differ from autosomes in both their ploidy and transmission genetics. Consequently, selection, mutation, and drift may act differently upon them, driving distinct patterns in genetic divergence, diversity, and gene content. Recently, researchers have begun to consider a wider set of organisms with non-standard inheritance and sex-determination systems, however in many cases we lack theory which extends to such cases.

May 25, 2023 | frontiersin.org | David Yin |Jeremy Van Cleve |Andy Gardner

IntroductionOriginally coined by Maynard Smith and Price, the term evolutionarily stable strategy has been adopted by a broad range of disciplines across the spectrum of natural and social sciences (Piel, 2019, 2020; Leimar and McNamara, 2023). ESS, a subset of Nash equilibrium (NE; Apaloo et al., 2015), states that if a population adopts a strategy in a given environment, it cannot be invaded by an alternative strategy that is initially very rare (Nakamaru, 2023, Chapter 1).