Joanna P. MacEwan

Sep 13, 2023 | paperity.org | Joanna P. MacEwan |Allison King |Andy Nguyen |Anuj Mubayi

PLOS ONE, Aug 2023 Background Among individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD), decreased hemoglobin is associated with lower oxygen saturation (SpO2) and increased risk of stroke, both of which are associated with lower intelligence quotient (IQ) scores. Thus, increasing hemoglobin and SpO2 in individuals with SCD may increase IQ and educational attainment.

Aug 8, 2023 | journals.plos.org | Joanna P. MacEwan |Allison King |Andy Nguyen |South San Francisco

Academic performance and educational attainmentIn the second stage, IQ was assigned as a determinant of academic performance and achievement, as measured by Armed Forces Qualification Test (AFQT) scores, and educational attainment, as measured by years of education completed, which are determined by individual characteristics (including noncognitive skills) and AFQT scores.