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Oct 9, 2024 | 
science.org | Deborah Carper |Hyun Lee |Nolan Tucker |James C Lamsdell
AbstractAfter 170 years of searching, scientists finally know what the head of the largest known arthropod Arthropleura looked like, unlocking the key to its affinities. SIGN UP FOR THE SCIENCEADVISER NEWSLETTER The latest news, commentary, and research, free to your inbox daily Of all the creatures that once inhabited our planet, large arthropods are viewed with macabre fascination as eerie, almost otherworldly beings.
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Oct 9, 2024 | 
science.org | Deborah Carper |Hyun Lee |Nolan Tucker |Yongchun Zhang
AbstractWhile cell fate determination and maintenance are important in establishing and preserving tissue identity and function during development, aberrant cell fate transition leads to cancer cell heterogeneity and resistance to treatment. Here, we report an unexpected role for the transcription factor p63 (Trp63/TP63) in the fate choice of the squamous versus neuroendocrine lineage in esophageal development and malignancy.
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Oct 9, 2024 | 
science.org | Deborah Carper |Hyun Lee |Nolan Tucker |Ella Walsh
AbstractOxidative weathering of sulfide minerals in sedimentary rocks releases carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. In permafrost zones, this could be a positive feedback on climate change if it increases with warming, yet sulfide oxidation rates and their temperature response remain unknown over large spatial and temporal scales. We analyze a 60-year sulfate concentration dataset from catchments across the Mackenzie River Basin.
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Oct 9, 2024 | 
science.org | Deborah Carper |Hyun Lee |Nolan Tucker |Marlène Lac
AbstractType 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity are strongly associated with low natriuretic peptide (NP) plasma levels and a down-regulation of NP guanylyl cyclase receptor-A (GCA) in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. However, no study has so far provided evidence for a causal link between atrial NP (ANP)/GCA deficiency and T2D pathogenesis. Here, we show that both systemic and skeletal muscle ANP/GCA deficiencies in mice promote metabolic disturbances and prediabetes.
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Oct 9, 2024 | 
science.org | Deborah Carper |Hyun Lee |Nolan Tucker |Aleksandra Krajewska
AbstractThe interplay of spin-orbit coupling with other relevant parameters gives rise to the rich phase competition in complex ruthenates featuring octahedrally coordinated Ru4+. While locally, spin-orbit coupling stabilizes a nonmagnetic Jeff = 0 state, intersite interactions resolve one of two distinct phases at low temperatures: an excitonic magnet stabilized by the magnetic exchange of upper-lying Jeff = 1 states or Ru2 molecular orbital dimers driven by direct orbital overlap.
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Oct 9, 2024 | 
science.org | Deborah Carper |Hyun Lee |Nolan Tucker |Estefania Cerro-Herreros
AbstractThis study evaluated therapeutic antimiRs in primary myoblasts from patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). DM1 results from unstable CTG repeat expansions in the DMPK gene, leading to variable clinical manifestations by depleting muscleblind-like splicing regulator protein MBNL1. AntimiRs targeting natural repressors miR-23b and miR-218 boost MBNL1 expression but must be optimized for a better pharmacological profile in humans.
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Oct 9, 2024 | 
science.org | Deborah Carper |Hyun Lee |Nolan Tucker |Hsien-Nung Wang
AbstractSolution-processable semiconductors hold promise in enabling applications requiring cost-effective electronics at scale but suffer from low performance limited by defects. We show that ordered defect compound semiconductor CuIn5Se8, which forms regular defect complexes with defect-pair compensation, can simultaneously achieve high performance and solution processability.
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Oct 9, 2024 | 
science.org | Deborah Carper |Hyun Lee |Nolan Tucker |Bofan Hu
AbstractMonitoring soft-tissue biomechanics is of interest in biomedical research and clinical treatment of diseases. An important focus is biointegrated strain gauges that track time-dependent mechanics of targeted tissues with deforming surfaces over multidirections. Existing methods provide limited gauge factors, tailored for sensing within specific directions under quasi-static conditions.
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Oct 9, 2024 | 
science.org | Deborah Carper |Hyun Lee |Nolan Tucker |Yufeng Ye
AbstractFast, high-fidelity, and quantum nondemolition (QND) qubit readout is an essential element of quantum information processing. For superconducting qubits, state-of-the-art readout is based on a dispersive cross-Kerr coupling between a qubit and its readout resonator. The resulting readout can be high fidelity and QND, but readout times are currently limited to the order of 50 nanoseconds due to the dispersive cross-Kerr of magnitude 10 megahertz.
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Oct 9, 2024 | 
science.org | Deborah Carper |Hyun Lee |Nolan Tucker |Carlos Batlle
AbstractRecent data from the US Energy Information Administration reveals that nearly one in three households in the United States report experiencing energy poverty, and this number is only expected to rise. Federal assistance programs exist, but allocations across states have been nearly static since 1984, while the distribution of energy poverty is dynamic in location and time.
