Stephen Long

Nov 22, 2024 | biorxiv.org | Swati Pant |Stephanie Tam |Stephen Long

AbstractBestrophin 1 (BEST1) is chloride channel expressed in the eye, central nervous system (CNS), and other tissues in the body. A link between BEST1 and the principal inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been proposed. The most appreciated receptors for extracellular GABA are the GABAB G-protein coupled receptors and the pentameric GABAA chloride channels, both of which have fundamental roles in the CNS. Here, we demonstrate that BEST1 is directly activated by GABA.

Jan 22, 2024 | tandfonline.com | Stephen Long |Rory Cormac

AbstractStates have long engaged in covert action, often in conjunction with partners and/or formal allies. Yet existing histories often take a single-state approach, neglecting how dynamics between co-instigators shaped the case studies. This article draws on recently declassified archival material to examine the supposed ‘joint’ US-UK covert action in Albania, a formative and significant case study of the early Cold War.